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There is something very charming on these mittens. Hands look like they are knit in colums of stockinette and purl in a sequence of 1 st-1purl-1st-1purl. However this seems to continue only about 4 rows and then its about 4 rows of stockinette and then again four rows of 1st-1purl. I also love the long sleeve of the mittens. It would be fun to try this pattern out. <\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
Aikamoinen nainen tuo Siina. H\u00e4nen huikeasta edistyksellisyydest\u00e4\u00e4n kertoo paitsi ennenn\u00e4kem\u00e4tt\u00f6mien hahmojen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6, mutta my\u00f6s melko uuden k\u00e4sity\u00f6tekniikan omaksuminen. Kuviovirkkaus jota h\u00e4n usein k\u00e4ytti k\u00e4sit\u00f6iss\u00e4\u00e4n, oli tullut Suomeen vasta 1800-luvun puoliv\u00e4lin tienoilla. Siina my\u00f6s kuvasi t\u00f6iss\u00e4\u00e4n muita aiheita, joita ei ehk\u00e4 olisi ajatellut n\u00e4kev\u00e4n n\u00e4in arkisissa tekstiileiss\u00e4, kuten orjakauppaa ja Saharan er\u00e4maata<\/a>. Voit lukea lis\u00e4\u00e4 Siinasta Huittisten museon sivuilta<\/a>, sek\u00e4 t\u00e4\u00e4lt\u00e4 Mirja Hovin artikkelista<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ammattikuntalaitos<\/strong> In honour of Finnish Independence day I was planning on telling you about local crafty women. Josefiina Eufrosyyne Savijoki, 1901 onwards Siina Rinne, was born in Lauttakyl\u00e4, Huittinen, Finland in 1859. She was a daughter of a farmhand, but apparently she taught herself to read as a teenager. She was better known as Siina of Momma (Momma was the old name of Savijoki croft), allthough she didn’t really like that name much. She was very skilled handcrafts-woman already in her 20’s and was earning her living by going from house to house, weaving fabrics and other garments, starting from 1879. Change of law which allowed free trading and business for all, made it possible for her. Siina was also poet and often she added her poems to the handcraft projects. Unfortunately hardly any of her poem booklets have survived, because she sometimes burned them, when she was trying to avoid too much of secularization. Sometimes in parties Siina might have performed her poems by singing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Siina’s specialties were woven fabrics and knitted and crocheted garments. They were unique due to her penchant for exotic animals and texts. Animals like crocodiles, camels and other foreign animals can be seen in her work. She also designed an automobile in her textiles before they arrived to her local town, or even to whole of Finland. Where did Siina get her ideas for these a-typical characters? Researchers can only make guesses, but in general it’s is assumed that because she was able to read, she utilised that skill. While working in wealthier houses as a weaver, she probably had access to newspapers and books, which poorer families could not afford, and perhaps she draw inspiration from them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Some of her work is kept in Museum of Huittinen, her home town but also the National museum of Finland. And perhaps somewhere in the walls of local homes of Huittinen, there still is a tapestry woven by her, or in the dark corner of someone’s linen closet lies a table cloth she made. She made notes of all of her work. During three decades she weaved about 10300 meters of linenfabric and 7530 wool fabric. She made lot of handcraft items, like crochet and knitted mittens, for gifts, and she usually crocheted recipients name and year on them. Most wellknown of her work, but also the most unusual one is a skirt which she made partially of her own hair<\/a>. It took her 16 years to finish it. Unfortunately she had to stop working in the 1930’s when she became blind.<\/p>\n\n\n Guilds<\/strong> Itsen\u00e4isyysp\u00e4iv\u00e4n kunniaksi ajattelin kertoa teille er\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4 taitavasta paikallisesta naisesta. Josefiina Eufrosyyne Savijoki, v. 1901 alkaen Siina Rinne, syntyi Huittisten Lauttakyl\u00e4ss\u00e4 1859. H\u00e4n oli rengin tyt\u00e4r, mutta oli ilmeisesti teini-ik\u00e4isen\u00e4 itsen\u00e4isesti opetellut lukemaan. H\u00e4net tunnettiin paremmin nimell\u00e4 Momman Siina (Savijoen torpan entinen nimi Momma), vaikka h\u00e4n itse ei siit\u00e4 nimest\u00e4 niin pit\u00e4nyt. 20-vuotiaana Siina oli jo… <\/p>\n\n
Suomessa ja muuallakin Euroopassa k\u00e4sity\u00f6l\u00e4isammatteja s\u00e4\u00e4teli keskiajalta l\u00e4htien ammattikuntalaitos ja k\u00e4sity\u00f6l\u00e4uskillat. Se tarkoitti sit\u00e4 ett\u00e4 k\u00e4sity\u00f6l\u00e4isammatteja ei saanut harjoittaa kuka tahansa. Jos halusi p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4 ammattiin, piti ensin p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4 mestarille oppipojaksi, suorittaa sen j\u00e4lkeen kis\u00e4llintutkinto ja lopulta mestarinn\u00e4ytteen. Vain hyv\u00e4ksytyn mestarinn\u00e4ytteen suorittaneet k\u00e4sity\u00f6l\u00e4iset saivat toimia yritt\u00e4jin\u00e4 ammatissaan. Oppipojasta kis\u00e4lliksi saattoi nousta noin 3-5 vuodessa. Lis\u00e4ksi oli saatava k\u00e4r\u00e4jill\u00e4 puoltava p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6s sek\u00e4 maaherran ja l\u00e4\u00e4ninhallituksen valtakirja ammatin harjoittamiseen tietyll\u00e4 paikkakunnalla. Mestarien lukum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 paikkakunnilla oli rajoitettu ja joissakin tapauksissa mestariksi p\u00e4\u00e4si vain vanhempien sukulaisten avustuksella. Naisilla ei usein ollut asiaa oppipojiksi tai kis\u00e4lleiksi, mestareista puhumattakaan, mutta naistenkin kiltoja on ollut olemassa ainakin Keski-Euroopassa. Naiset saivat kuitenkin vapaasti tehd\u00e4 erilaisia kotitaloust\u00f6it\u00e4 kuten kutoa, kehr\u00e4t\u00e4, nypl\u00e4t\u00e4 jne.
Elinkeinovapaus<\/strong>
Ammattikuntalaitos lakkautettiin Suomessa 1868 ja vuonna 1879 asetettiin uusi elinkeinovapauslaki, joka mahdollisti vapaan elinkeinon ja kaupan harjoittamisen kaikille. Vaimot ja holhouksenalaiset kuitenkin tarvitsivat holhoojansa luvan. Kunnalla tai muulla viranomaisella ei ollut en\u00e4\u00e4 oikeutta rajoittaa ammatinharjoittamista.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.evildressmaker.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/inenglish.gif?resize=214%2C100\")
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Quite remarkable women that Siina was and very modern too. Not only did she use never-seen characters (like those crocodiles) in her work, but she also learned quite new technique, intarsia crochet, rather soon. That technique had only been introduced to Finland in the mid 1800’s. Siina also depicted other issues in her work, which were not so common in ordinary everyday Finnish textiles, for example slave trade and Sahara desert<\/a>. You can read more about Siina on Huittinen museum page<\/a> and here at article by Mirja Hovi<\/a>. Unfortunately they are both in Finnish only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
In Finland and in other countries in Europe too, artisans and merchants were regulated since the early Medieval times by guilds. It meant that all crafts and trades were regulated in specific locations. If you wanted to become artisan or merchant, you had to become first apprentice, for about 3-5 years. After that you were tested before getting you was able to rise to the rank of journeyman. Years after honing the skills you might have been able to become master. Only masters were allowed to practice crafts and trades as entrepreneurs. However, you had to get permission from the court and letter from attorney from the governor and provincial government to be able to become entrepreneur in specific town. Number of masters in towns was regulated and in some cases it was only possible to become a master with the help of your elder relatives. Women didn’t most often have any chance to become apprentice or journeyman, not to mention being a master. However there have been guilds for women, atleast in Central Europe. Women were allowed to do household-handcraft work like weaving, spinning and bobbin lace etc.
Source of livelihood<\/strong>
Guild system was abolished in Finland in 1868 and in 1879 new law was written, to allow source of livelihood in crafts and trade to everyone. Wives and persons under custody needed permission from their guardian to do so. Municipalities and other officials didn’t have the right to limit peoples source of livelihood anymore. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"